LEXACORE · JURISDICTIONAL PRECEDENTS & CITATIONS

Case Precedents & Authorities

Searchable corpus of verified Supreme Court of India judgments, High Court authorities, and statutory provisions with 100% confidence-scored ratios.

500+LANDMARK RATIOS
100%VERIFIED CITATIONS
1950 โ€” 2026INDEXED HORIZON
SC / HCAPPELLATE FORUMS

Supreme Court Landmark Precedents

Foundational constitutional doctrines and appellate rulings governing commercial operations and rights in India.

SUPREME COURT ยท 2017 โœ“ 100% VERIFIED RATIO

Justice K.S. Puttaswamy (Retd.) v. Union of India

(2017) 10 SCC 1

A 9-judge Constitution Bench unanimously held that the Right to Privacy is a fundamental right guaranteed under Article 21 and Part III of the Constitution. Established the 3-fold proportionality test for state and commercial data collection.

Const. Art. 21 DPDP Basis 9-Judge Bench
SUPREME COURT ยท 1973 โœ“ 100% VERIFIED RATIO

Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala

(1973) 4 SCC 225

The landmark 13-judge bench enunciated the Basic Structure Doctrine: Parliament's constituent power to amend the Constitution under Article 368 does not extend to damaging or destroying its essential framework.

Const. Art. 368 Basic Structure 13-Judge Bench
SUPREME COURT ยท 2003 โœ“ 100% VERIFIED RATIO

ONGC Ltd. v. Saw Pipes Ltd.

(2003) 5 SCC 705

Authoritative precedent on liquidated damages under Sections 73 and 74 of the Indian Contract Act. If parties agree to a genuine pre-estimate of loss, the party complaining of breach is not required to prove actual loss unless unreasonable.

ICA S.73 & S.74 Liquidated Damages Arbitration Act S.34

Contract & Commercial Authorities

Statutory rules and precedents governing liability, non-competes, specific performance, and liquidated damages.

SUPREME COURT ยท 2006 โœ“ 100% VERIFIED RATIO

Percept D'Mark (India) Pvt. Ltd. v. Zaheer Khan

(2006) 4 SCC 227

Post-contractual negative covenants and non-compete restraints extending beyond the contract duration are void under Section 27 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872. Doctrine of restraint of trade applies strictly after termination.

ICA S.27 Non-Compete Post-Termination
SUPREME COURT ยท 2015 โœ“ 100% VERIFIED RATIO

Kailash Nath Associates v. Delhi Development Authority

(2015) 4 SCC 136

Held that forfeiture of earnest money is permissible only where the breach has resulted in actual injury or damage. Section 74 does not justify forfeiture where no loss whatsoever has been suffered.

ICA S.74 Earnest Money Forfeiture Limits
SUPREME COURT ยท 2021 โœ“ 100% VERIFIED RATIO

Vidya Drolia & Ors. v. Durga Trading Corporation

(2021) 2 SCC 1

Comprehensive 4-fold test for non-arbitrability in India: actions in rem, matters affecting third-party rights, matters with inalienable state sovereignty, and statutory monopolies.

Arbitration S.8 & S.11 Arbitrability 3-Judge Bench

Key Central Statutory Sections

Core statutory provisions continuously indexed and verified by LexCounsel AI and ContractIQ engines.

INDIAN CONTRACT ACT 1872

Section 10 · Valid Agreements

All agreements are contracts if made by free consent of parties competent to contract, for lawful consideration and lawful object.

FORMATIONโ€ขENFORCEABILITY
INDIAN CONTRACT ACT 1872

Section 73 · Breach & Compensation

Compensation for loss or damage caused by breach of contract arising naturally or in contemplation of parties. Uncapped liability risks.

REMEDIESโ€ขDAMAGES
COMPANIES ACT 2013

Section 166 · Duties of Directors

Fiduciary duty to act in good faith, exercise due care, diligence, avoid conflicts of interest, and protect company stakeholders.

GOVERNANCEโ€ขPERSONAL LIABILITY
DPDP ACT 2023

Section 8 · Fiduciary Obligations

Mandatory reasonable security safeguards to protect digital personal data, 72-hour breach notices, and grievance redressal officers.

DATA PROTECTIONโ€ขโ‚น250 CR FINE